How Reverse Mortgages Work in 2025 (Real Examples + Expert Guide)
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Michael G. Branson, CEO of All Reverse Mortgage, Inc., and moderator of ARLO™, has 45 years of experience in the mortgage banking industry. He has devoted the past 20 years to reverse mortgages exclusively. (License: NMLS# 14040) |
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All Reverse Mortgage's editing process includes rigorous fact-checking led by industry experts to ensure all content is accurate and current. This article has been reviewed, edited, and fact-checked by Cliff Auerswald, President and co-creator of ARLO™. (License: NMLS# 14041) |
For over 20 years, All Reverse Mortgage, Inc. has helped thousands of homeowners achieve financial freedom through federally insured reverse mortgages.
As a HUD-approved lender that specializes exclusively in reverse mortgages, we bring unmatched expertise to this space. That’s why this 2025 guide doesn’t just cover the basics — it gives you the complete picture: how reverse mortgages work, what they cost, your payout options, and what they mean for your heirs.
What Is a Reverse Mortgage?
A reverse mortgage is a special type of loan for homeowners age 62 or older. It allows you to convert part of your home’s value into tax-free cash without making monthly mortgage payments.
You remain the homeowner and decide how to receive funds:
- Lump sum at closing
- Monthly payments (for a set term or for life)
- Line of credit you draw on when needed
- Or a combination of these options
The loan is repaid when you sell your home, permanently move out, or pass away.
Expert Insight from Michael Branson, CEO: “The more money you borrow at the beginning of the loan, the faster the interest will accrue on the larger balance. If you are looking to pass on the largest asset to your heirs, you can significantly reduce the amount of interest that accrues by borrowing smaller amounts and as late in the loan cycle as is comfortable or necessary.”

Reverse Mortgage vs. Traditional Mortgages and Home Equity Loans
When considering borrowing against your home, most people envision a traditional mortgage or a home equity line of credit (HELOC). A reverse mortgage works very differently — it was designed specifically for homeowners age 62 or older.
Here’s how they compare:
Feature | Reverse Mortgage (HECM) | Traditional Mortgage | Home Equity Loan / HELOC |
---|---|---|---|
Age Requirement | 62+ | 18+ | 18+ |
Monthly Payments | None required | Required | Required |
Funds Access | Lump sum, monthly payments, line of credit, or combination | Lump sum at closing | Lump sum (loan) or revolving credit line (HELOC) |
Repayment | Due when you sell, move, or pass away | Paid monthly over term (15–30 years) | Paid monthly over term |
Equity Impact | Loan balance grows as interest accrues (unless repaid voluntarily) | Equity builds as balance decreases | Equity builds as balance decreases |
Borrower Protections | FHA-insured HECM is non-recourse (you never owe more than the home’s value) | No federal protections beyond standard lending laws | No federal protections beyond standard lending laws |
Key takeaway: With a reverse mortgage, you stay in your home and can choose whether or not to make payments. Unlike a HELOC or cash-out refinance, repayment isn’t required until you move out, sell, or pass away. That flexibility is why many older homeowners use a reverse mortgage to supplement retirement income while preserving monthly cash flow.
Expert Insight from Michael Branson, CEO: “If your goal is flexibility, the reverse mortgage line of credit is unmatched — it grows over time and gives you access to more funds in the future, unlike a HELOC that can be frozen or reduced by the bank.”
How Much You Can Get From a Reverse Mortgage
The amount of money you can get from a reverse mortgage usually ranges from 40% to 60% of your home’s appraised value. The older you are, the more you can receive because loan amounts are based on your age and current interest rates.
Several factors determine the loan amount:
- The age of the youngest borrower
- The value of the home or the 2025 lending limit (whichever is less)
- The current interest rates
Other factors that affect the loan amount include:
- Costs to obtain the loan (these are subtracted from the available loan amount)
- Existing mortgages and liens (these must be paid off)
Any remaining money after these deductions belongs to you.
You can use our reverse mortgage calculator to find out how much you can receive from a reverse mortgage.
How Age Affects Your Principal Limit
Your Principal Limit — the maximum amount you can borrow from a reverse mortgage — is based on the age of the youngest borrower (or eligible non-borrowing spouse). The reason? HUD uses life expectancy to estimate how long interest may accrue on the loan.
- Younger borrowers (closer to 62): Receive smaller loan amounts because they’re expected to live longer, allowing more time for interest to compound.
- Older borrowers (those closer to 82+): Qualify for larger loan amounts upfront, as the loan term is statistically shorter.
Example:
- A 62-year-old with a $500,000 home might access ~$200,000.
- An 82-year-old with the same home and rates could access ~$300,000+.
Key Point: The program ensures that regardless of age, you can stay in your home for life without required mortgage payments — as long as you pay property taxes, insurance, and maintain the home.
Pro Tip: If you are within six months of your next birthday at the time of closing, HUD automatically uses your next age to calculate your Principal Limit. This can slightly increase the funds available to you. Every situation is unique, so it’s best to run the numbers with a reverse mortgage calculator before deciding when to apply.
How You Can Receive the Funds
One of the most flexible aspects of a reverse mortgage is the option to choose how you receive your money.
- Lump Sum: One-time payout at closing (fixed-rate option).
- Line of Credit: Access funds only when you need them — and any unused portion grows over time.
- Term Payments: Equal monthly payments for a set period (e.g., 10 years).
- Tenure Payments: Monthly payments for life, as long as you live in the home.
- Combination: Mix methods to suit your goals.
Scenario Example:
A couple, both age 74, owns a $500,000 home. They:
- Take $100,000 upfront for home improvements.
- Set up $1,000/month payments for 4 years to cover living costs until Social Security increases.
- Leave $125,000 in a line of credit for emergencies, which will grow every year that it remains untouched.
Want to see how each payout option works? Explore real examples and discover which reverse mortgage payment plan best suits your needs. Learn more about Term, Ten-Year, and Tenure payments →
Expert Insight from Michael Branson, CEO: “A reverse mortgage can be a smart way to bridge the gap before claiming Social Security. By using monthly term payments or a line of credit to cover expenses, some homeowners delay filing for Social Security until a later age — allowing them to lock in a higher lifetime benefit. This strategy can increase long-term retirement income while still giving you the flexibility to use your home equity on your own terms. Your line of credit grows on the portion of the line you do not use, so you can begin allowing the line to grow, giving you greater borrowing power later if you need it. Be sure to check with your financial advisor to see what is right for you regarding your Social Security and/or pension plans.”

The Line of Credit Growth Advantage
This feature sets the HECM apart from other loans. With a reverse mortgage line of credit, unused funds grow at the same rate as your loan’s interest plus mortgage insurance premiums.
- Starting credit line: $200,000
- After 10 years: $350,000 available
- After 20 years: $660,000–$820,000 available (depending on rates)
Important: This isn’t “investment growth.” It’s an expanding borrowing limit that ensures your available funds keep pace with time — providing a built-in inflation hedge.
Expert Insight from Michael Branson, CEO: “Even if your reverse mortgage line of credit eventually grows larger than your home’s value, you can still withdraw every dollar tax-free and remain in your home for life. HUD guarantees full access to your line of credit — even if your lender goes out of business — through built-in FHA mortgage insurance protections.”

Finding the Best Interest Rates and Closing Costs
Not all reverse mortgages are created equal. Interest rates, margins, and fees can differ significantly between lenders.
- A lender with slightly lower upfront fees may appear attractive, but if their margin is 0.50% higher, it can result in tens of thousands of dollars more in interest over time.
- Conversely, a loan with a slightly higher margin may give you a stronger line of credit growth rate if that’s your goal.
What to Compare:
- Interest rate + margin
- Closing costs (origination, appraisal, third-party fees)
- Servicing fees (rare today, but some lenders still charge them)
Smart Strategy: Choose based on your goals — whether it’s maximizing proceeds upfront, preserving equity, or building the strongest line of credit growth.
Expert Insight from Michael Branson, CEO: “Watch your financing terms. Don’t accept a larger margin that can end up costing you thousands of dollars in accrued interest over the years and leave you with less money available at closing, to save a little money on one fee. Look at all the terms offered and compare lenders.”

Reverse Mortgage Costs vs. Benefits in 2025
A reverse mortgage can be a powerful retirement tool — but like any financial decision, it comes with trade-offs. Here’s the complete picture:
Key Benefits
- No Required Monthly Mortgage Payments – You free up monthly cash flow.
- Stay in Your Home for Life – As long as you live there as your primary residence and keep up with taxes, insurance, and maintenance.
- Flexible Payout Options – Choose lump sum, monthly income, line of credit, or a mix.
- FHA-Insured Protections – HECM reverse mortgages are non-recourse, meaning you never owe more than your home’s value.
- Financial Flexibility – Use proceeds for home improvements, medical expenses, paying off debt, or simply boosting retirement income.
- Line of Credit Growth – Unlike a HELOC, your unused credit line grows over time.
Pro Tip: Before deciding on a reverse mortgage, think carefully about your long-term aging-in-place plans. Do you live in a two-story home? Is it fully accessible as you get older? In some cases, downsizing — or “right-sizing” — with a reverse mortgage for home purchase may be a smarter way to secure both comfort and financial flexibility for the years ahead.
Main Costs & Considerations
- Upfront Fees – Higher than some traditional loans due to FHA mortgage insurance premiums (MIP).
- Ongoing MIP Charges – Added to the loan balance over time.
- Equity Reduction – Your loan balance grows as interest accrues, which may reduce the inheritance left to heirs.
- Property Obligations Remain – You must continue to pay property taxes, homeowners insurance, and upkeep costs.
- Primary Residence Requirement – You can’t use a HECM reverse mortgage on a vacation home or investment property.
Pro Tip: If preserving home equity for your heirs is your top priority, consider making optional payments or taking smaller draws to retain a larger portion of your home’s equity.
Feature | Pro | Con |
---|---|---|
Home Equity Access | Tap into your home’s value without selling or moving. | Equity decreases over time as loan balance grows. |
Monthly Payments | No mortgage payments required. | Must still pay taxes, insurance, and maintenance. |
Stay in Your Home | Live in your home for life. | Must remain your primary residence. |
Payout Flexibility | Lump sum, monthly income, line of credit, or combination. | Larger upfront draws may reduce future access. |
Government-Insured | FHA insurance guarantees borrower protections. | Requires upfront and ongoing MIP. |
Heir Options | Heirs can sell the home or refinance at 95% of market value. | Inheritance may be reduced if balance is high. |
Non-Recourse | You or heirs never owe more than the home’s value. | Heirs must act quickly to settle the loan after death. |
Frequently Asked Questions
Who owns the home with a reverse mortgage?
You remain the legal owner of your home. A reverse mortgage is essentially a loan secured against the property, much like a traditional mortgage. The lender does not take ownership; you keep the title in your name.
(Tip: Think of it as the same as a traditional mortgage — the bank has a lien, not the deed.)
How much money can I get from a reverse mortgage?
Your loan amount (called the Principal Limit) depends on:
- Age of the youngest borrower (or eligible non-borrowing spouse).
- Current interest rates.
- Appraised value of the home (capped at FHA’s 2025 lending limit of $1,209,750).
Older borrowers with lower interest rates and higher-value homes typically qualify for more.
How is the loan amount determined?
HUD sets formulas that lenders must follow. Your Principal Limit Factor (PLF) is calculated using:
- Your age (or the age of the youngest borrower/spouse)
- The current interest rate
- Your home’s appraised value
Existing mortgages and closing costs are subtracted first. The remaining amount is available to you.
Do I need good credit to qualify?
Not necessarily. Unlike traditional mortgages, your credit score isn’t the primary factor. Lenders mainly check that you’ve been paying your property taxes, homeowners insurance, and HOA dues (if applicable).
If you’ve had credit issues, you can still qualify, but the lender may require a Life Expectancy Set-Aside (LESA) to ensure future property charges are covered.
Is an appraisal required?
Yes. A reverse mortgage always requires an FHA-approved appraisal. The appraiser verifies:
- Your home’s market value.
- That the property meets HUD’s minimum property standards (safe, sound, and sanitary).
If repairs are needed, they may need to be completed before the loan closes.
Can you make payments on a reverse mortgage?
Yes. While no monthly mortgage payments are required, you can make voluntary payments anytime. Doing so can:
- Reduce interest costs over time
- Preserve more home equity for your heirs
- Give you flexibility to manage the loan like a traditional mortgage if you choose
There are no prepayment penalties, so you’re always free to pay down the balance on your own schedule.
Can I sell my home if I have a reverse mortgage?
Yes. You can sell at any time. Proceeds from the sale pay off the reverse mortgage balance first, and any leftover equity is yours. There are no prepayment penalties.
Is there a penalty for paying off a reverse mortgage early?
No. You can repay the loan in part or in full at any time. Homeowners often do this if they refinance, downsize, or decide to sell.
How does a reverse mortgage get repaid?
A reverse mortgage can be repaid a number of different ways. There are no prepayment penalties on reverse mortgage loans so you can repay at any time. A reverse mortgage can be repaid through the selling of the home, through refinancing the loan to a different loan product, or with any other available legal funds.
How long do you have to pay back a reverse mortgage?
A reverse mortgage loan does not have to be paid back until the loan reaches a maturity event. A maturity event would be the vacating of the property permanently by the last surviving borrower or eligible non-borrowing spouse (either by death or moving out), or the failure to maintain the taxes and insurance or upkeep on the home. Once a loan becomes due and payable, there is ample time given to satisfy the loan. In the event of a borrower passing away, the heir(s) would need to contact the loan servicer at that time to advise them of their passing and their intentions with the property. If the heir(s) are intending to sell the home, they need to maintain communication with the loan servicer and as long as they are making good faith efforts to sell the home, they will be given extensions of time in 90 day increments up to a full year to get the property sold to pay off the reverse mortgage loan. In the event of a default and no cooperation, the servicer will move to foreclosure on the property and the timeframe there would be dependent on the laws of that municipality as it pertains to the timing to conclude a foreclosure.
What if I outlive my home’s value?
When you have a reverse mortgage loan, it is possible to accrue a balance that exceeds the property value of the home if you live in the property long enough or if there are significant changes in market values. One of the key benefits to the reverse mortgage program (and why the Mortgage Insurance is charged by HUD) is that the loan is “non-recourse”. What this means is that you can never owe more than the value of your home and there is no personal liability for the balance. For example, if a borrower obtains a reverse mortgage and their balance accrues to $500,000 over the years and when they permanently left the home the home value was $450,000 the heirs would not be liable for the $50,000 difference. When the home is sold, the Mortgage Insurance Fund would cover the loss on that loan and nothing additional would be owed by the estate.
Can I lose my home with a reverse mortgage?
Yes, it is possible to lose your home with a reverse mortgage just like you can with any other mortgage loan product. All mortgage products have requirements of the borrower. With a reverse mortgage loan, the borrower is required to occupy the property as their primary residence as well as maintain the taxes and insurance and overall upkeep of the home. These requirements are typical of all loan programs with the exception of the requirement to occupy the property as your primary residence. Failure to maintain these requirements would result in the lender calling the loan due and payable. When a loan is called due and payable, the borrower would have to pay off the loan either by refinance, their own funds or selling the home. Failure to do so, would result in the loan being placed into foreclosure.
What are the downsides of a reverse mortgage?
When it comes to reverse mortgage loans, there are a few downsides to the program that all consumers need to be aware of when considering if a reverse mortgage will be the right loan for them. One downside is the higher upfront costs. The overwhelming majority of reverse mortgage loans made are under the HECM (Home Equity Conversion Mortgage) program through HUD (Department of Housing and Urban Development). Since these loans are insured by the federal government, there is an additional loan cost for Mortgage Insurance Premium equal to 2% of the lesser of the property value or HUD max claim amount (HUD max claim as of September 2025 is $1,209,750). Every reverse mortgage borrower receives value in return for that mortgage insurance premium, but the higher upfront costs are a downside if you are not looking at the reverse mortgage as a long term solution. Additionally, reverse mortgage loans have no required mortgage payment, which is a key feature to the product, but the downside to that is the balance will increase over time.
What is the 95% rule on a reverse mortgage?
The 95% rule that is cited often as it pertains to reverse mortgage loans is a reference to a HUD rule that is in place for the heirs of a reverse mortgage borrower. The rule stipulates that if the amount owed on the mortgage were to exceed the current value of the house at time of loan maturity, the heirs have the option to pay 95% of the current home value in order to keep the property if that were their desire.
Key Takeaways: How Reverse Mortgages Work in 2025
- Lets you convert home equity into tax-free loan proceeds without monthly mortgage payments.
- The most common program is the Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM), which the FHA insures.
- You must be 62 or older and live in the home as your primary residence.
- Loan amount depends on your age, home value, and current interest rates.
- Repayment is only due when you sell, move out permanently, or pass away.
- Non-recourse rules protect your heirs — they’ll never owe more than the home’s value.
- You keep ownership of your home and can sell or pay off the loan at any time, with no prepayment penalties.
Expert Insight from Michael Branson, CEO: The biggest advantage of a reverse mortgage is flexibility. You’re not locked into monthly payments, but you can still make them if preserving equity is your goal.
Need Personalized Answers?
All Reverse Mortgage, Inc. (ARLO™) is here to help. Access our reverse mortgage calculator to estimate your lending limit, or call us Toll-Free at (800) 565-1722. We’re here to help you make informed decisions, allowing you to continue enjoying your retirement.
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You can pay it off using your own available funds,You can refinance it with another loan of your choosing,Or you can sell the home and use the proceeds to repay the reverse mortgage.
There is never a prepayment penalty, so you're free to choose whichever option works best for you.Please let us know if you'd like help exploring the next steps.May 13th, 2024
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You can take a lump sum of cash (lump sum option).You can take a set payment for life (tenure option).You can determine the payment you wish to take until you exhaust the funds (term payment).You can leave the money in a line of credit and draw from the line as you wish (line of credit option).
Or you can mix the line of credit with the tenure or term options to have both a payment for life or of your choosing and that would be either a modified tenure or modified tenure. In your case, you could choose the line of credit option, draw the amount you want, and the other funds would remain in the line, available to you. If you never draw the money, you never accrue any interest on the funds and you, or your heirs do not need to repay them. You only pay back what you use (plus any interest that accrues on those funds). In addition, the line of credit grows in availability on the unused funds over time. This means that the longer you have funds available on the line, the more money will be available to borrow later should you need them. Again, if you never need them you are not required to repay them but if you ever do need them for any reason, they are always available unlike a Home Equity Line of Credit that the bank can close at their discretion or that goes into a repayment period after 10 years.July 25th, 2020
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