Debunking the Top 10 Reverse Mortgage Downsides
Michael G. Branson, CEO of All Reverse Mortgage, Inc., and moderator of ARLO™, has 45 years of experience in the mortgage banking industry. He has devoted the past 20 years to reverse mortgages exclusively. (License: NMLS# 14040) |
All Reverse Mortgage's editing process includes rigorous fact-checking led by industry experts to ensure all content is accurate and current. This article has been reviewed, edited, and fact-checked by Cliff Auerswald, President and co-creator of ARLO™. (License: NMLS# 14041) |
Reverse mortgages have long been surrounded by misconceptions, leading many to believe they come with significant downsides. In reality, many of these concerns are based on myths. In this guide, we will debunk the top 10 common claims about the downsides of reverse mortgages, providing you with the clarity you need.
Whether you’re exploring reverse mortgage options for yourself or assisting a loved one, understanding the facts behind these so-called ‘downsides’ will help you make a confident and informed decision.
Claim #1: Reverse Mortgages Have Growing Interest and Fees
While skipping monthly payments may seem like an advantage, the accumulating interest can add up over time, significantly increasing the total loan balance.
Truth:
Like any loan, interest accrues with a reverse mortgage. However, one major benefit is the flexibility you have—you are not required to make monthly payments, but you can choose to pay down the interest whenever you want without penalty. This allows you to better manage the loan balance and control how much interest accrues over time.
Claim #2: Reverse Mortgages Have Complex Loan Terms
Many people believe reverse mortgages have complicated terms that are difficult to understand. This can lead to unexpected surprises regarding repayment or property use.
Truth:
While reverse mortgages have specific terms, they don’t have to be confusing. With required counseling, online tools, and helpful lenders, you’ll have all the resources to fully understand the details. Plus, you can always cancel without penalty if you ever feel it’s not right for you.
Claim #3: Reverse Mortgages Affect Needs-Based Programs
It’s commonly believed that receiving funds from a reverse mortgage could jeopardize your eligibility for government programs like Medicaid or Supplemental Security Income (SSI).
Truth:
While it’s true that reverse mortgage proceeds can affect needs-based programs, careful planning can help you avoid issues. Many of these programs consider your assets at the end of each month. As long as you use the funds during the month rather than letting them accumulate, you can still benefit from both the reverse mortgage and your government assistance. Always consult with your program counselors to ensure you stay compliant with the specific requirements.
Claim #4: Reverse Mortgages Create Repayment Problems for Heirs
One concern is that when the borrower passes away, moves, or sells the home, heirs are left to either sell the property or refinance the loan to keep it, which can cause financial strain.
Truth:
A reverse mortgage is not designed to be passed down through generations, but you can avoid complications by planning ahead. Open communication with your heirs is key. Make sure they know what actions to take when the time comes. You can even authorize them to speak directly with the lender, speeding up the process. Establishing a family trust or adding heirs to the title can simplify matters. It’s important to consult with an estate attorney to ensure everything is set up properly. A clear plan will relieve stress and allow your heirs to handle the situation smoothly.
Claim #5: Reverse Mortgages are Rising Debt and Falling Equity
A common concern is that your home equity decreases as you receive payments and interest accumulates, potentially leaving less for your heirs. While the non-recourse feature protects you from owing more than the home’s value, there is a fear that the loan could consume all equity if home values don’t appreciate or you outlive your life expectancy.
Truth:
It’s true that your equity can decrease if your home doesn’t appreciate and interest continues to build. However, this isn’t unique to reverse mortgages. With a traditional 30-year mortgage, if your home’s value doesn’t rise, you could also end up owing more in principal and interest than your home is worth. The key difference is that you’re not required to make monthly payments with a reverse mortgage. Since it’s a non-recourse loan, your heirs or estate are not responsible for any shortfall if the home’s sale doesn’t cover the loan balance. This means any cash you save by not making payments stays with you or your heirs without the lender being able to claim it.
Claim #6: Reverse Mortgages Have Occupancy Restrictions
A common concern is that if you need to move permanently, such as to a nursing home, the loan becomes due, which could make it difficult to adjust your living situation.
Truth:
Reverse mortgages have occupancy requirements, but you can be away from the home for up to 12 months if you’re temporarily in rehabilitation. If it becomes clear that you won’t be able to return home, it’s best to start planning as early as possible. Most people know fairly soon if their situation is temporary or permanent. By acting early, you can create a plan that suits your needs and avoid being rushed into decisions due to the loan coming due.
Claim #7: Reverse Mortgages Can Be a Burden on Heirs
Many worry that reverse mortgages leave heirs unprepared, forcing them to manage loan repayment and avoid foreclosure under tight timelines.
Truth:
Heirs are often caught off guard by reverse mortgages, which can overwhelm the process. However, with proper preparation, this burden can be minimized. By educating your heirs about the loan and how repayment works and setting up key steps like transferring the title and authorizing communication with the lender, you can make the process much smoother. Planning ahead can relieve a lot of the stress, ensuring your heirs know exactly what to expect and what actions to take.
Claim #8: Borrowers Must Maintain Taxes & Insurance
A common concern is that failing to keep up with home maintenance, property taxes, or homeowner’s insurance could lead to loan default and even foreclosure.
Truth:
As with any mortgage, keeping up with property taxes and insurance is essential. Staying on top of these obligations helps you avoid default and ensures your home remains secure. Many lenders also offer programs to help you manage these payments, ensuring they are handled on time. The key is to remain proactive to keep your reverse mortgage in good standing.
Claim #9. Reverse Mortgages Have Risk of Negative Equity
In a declining housing market, there’s a risk the loan balance could exceed the home’s value, especially if the property doesn’t appreciate as anticipated.
Truth:
Here again, if property values dropped, anyone with a loan could experience a situation whereby the loan balance could exceed the home’s value. It happened nationwide from 2009 through 2013 and not just to the owners of properties with reverse mortgages. However, reverse mortgages are non-recourse loans, and the borrowers’ estates or their heirs can never be made to pay for a shortfall between the property value and the loan balance. Furthermore, if an heir wants to keep a relative’s home whose value has declined, they have the option to pay the loan in full at the amount owed or 95% of the current market value. For example, if your mom’s reverse mortgage has a current balance of $150,000, but due to falling values in the area, her current market value is just $100,000, HUD will accept $95,000 as payment in full for that loan! Or if the heirs don’t want the home or the responsibility, they can walk away and owe nothing. Neither the lender nor HUD can look to any other assets of the borrower or their estate to cover the $50,000 shortfall that the sale of the home will not cover due to the loss of value.
Claim #9: Reverse Mortgages Have a Risk of Negative Equity
In a declining housing market, some worry that the loan balance could exceed the home’s value, leaving borrowers or heirs with negative equity.
Truth:
This risk isn’t unique to reverse mortgages—anyone with a loan could face negative equity if property values drop, as seen nationwide between 2009 and 2013. However, reverse mortgages are non-recourse loans, meaning your estate or heirs will never be responsible for paying the difference if the home’s value is less than the loan balance. Heirs have options: they can repay the loan at the lesser of the amount owed or 95% of the current market value. If they choose not to keep the home, they can walk away without owing anything. Neither the lender nor HUD can pursue other assets to cover the shortfall.
Claim #10: Potential for Scams
Some worry that the complexity of reverse mortgages can attract scams, making it important for seniors to choose reputable, HUD-approved lenders to avoid fraud.
Truth:
While reverse mortgages, like any financial product, can be targeted by scams, the real issue often lies in what happens to the money, not the loan itself. Finding a reputable lender is crucial, but staying engaged with senior relatives and their financial decisions is just as important. Anyone who gains the trust of a senior can potentially exploit that trust. Family members should have open conversations with seniors considering a reverse mortgage to ensure they make informed, safe decisions. With the right precautions, seniors can confidently navigate the process and avoid falling victim to scams.
Now Let’s Explore How a Reverse Mortgage Can Enhance Your Retirement
A reverse mortgage can offer financial security and the freedom to enjoy retirement on your terms. Let’s explore how it can benefit you:
Making Your Home Age-In-Place Friendly:
Do you need to make your home safer and more comfortable? A reverse mortgage can fund important upgrades, like ramps or walk-in tubs, so you can continue living at home longer.
Spend How You Wish:
With a reverse mortgage, the money is yours to use as you choose. Whether you use it to cover daily expenses, travel, or save for emergencies, you decide how to spend it.
Buy a New Home:
Are you looking to move? A reverse mortgage can help you purchase a new home that better suits your retirement lifestyle, making relocating easier and more affordable.
Paying for In-Home Care:
As health needs change, a reverse mortgage can help cover the cost of in-home care, giving you financial relief while allowing you to stay in the comfort of your own home.
Emergency Fund:
A reverse mortgage provides a safety net for life’s unexpected surprises, giving you and your family peace of mind with a financial cushion.
Protected by FHA Insurance:
With a Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM), FHA insurance offers several key protections:
- Spousal Protections: Even if your spouse isn’t a borrower, they may still stay in the home under certain conditions after you pass away.
- Non-Recourse: You or your heirs will never owe more than the home’s selling price, even if it’s less than the loan balance.
- Guaranteed for Life: As long as you live in your home and maintain taxes and insurance, you can access your line of credit or receive payments as planned.
Assessing the Upsides & Downsides
Aspect | Upside | Downside |
---|---|---|
Financial Flexibility | Provides access to home equity without monthly mortgage payments. | Limited options for further borrowing against home equity. |
Loan Repayment | Repayment is deferred until the homeowner moves out, sells the home, or passes away. | Can result in less inheritance for heirs. |
Income Source | Can serve as a supplemental income source in retirement. | Loan balance can increase over time, reducing home equity. |
Interest Rates | Typically allows for a fixed rate on lump sum payouts. | Interest accumulates over the life of the loan, increasing the total debt. |
Impact on Heirs | Heirs can choose to keep the home by paying off the reverse mortgage or selling the home. | Heirs might receive less from the estate due to the reverse mortgage borrowed. |
Home Ownership | Homeowners retain the title and ownership of the home. | Homeowners are responsible for property taxes, insurance, and maintenance. |
Eligibility | Available to homeowners aged 62 and older. | Not available to younger homeowners, limiting accessibility. |
Suitability FAQs
What is the downside of a reverse mortgage?
Is a reverse mortgage ever a good idea?
Can you lose your home with a reverse mortgage?
To stay in your home, you must meet the terms of your reverse mortgage, including paying property taxes and insurance and maintaining the home as your primary residence. Failure to do so can result in the loan becoming due, which could lead to foreclosure if you’re unable to meet those obligations. As long as you stay current on these responsibilities, you can remain in your home for life.
What happens to a reverse mortgage when you die?
Is a reverse mortgage a scam?
Summary: Making Informed Decisions About Reverse Mortgages
While reverse mortgages can provide financial relief and greater flexibility during retirement, they have drawbacks and complexities. It is essential for homeowners to understand these aspects fully and to make an informed decision based on their circumstances, plans, and the needs of their heirs. Consulting with a financial advisor, an attorney specializing in elder law, or a HUD-approved counselor can provide valuable insights and guidance.
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